Notes on Decision Making and Rational Choice Richard N. Lebow's "Between Peace and War"

Jervis?s argument as to why decisivenesss at determine atomic number 18 not initially rational- Individual Human Characteristics (pp.105-106)- cognitive ConsistencyPeople tend to think that other people hold the homogeneous determine and beliefs and thus follow the same thinking rule as them. -Irrational ConsistencyThe pursuit of consistency becomes irrational if it closes the policy-makers mind from traffic better alternatives. Aspects are:i. Powerful stopping point, belief preservation- confronted with sensitive discipline that is hard to comprehend, people may ignore the new-fangled education in order to preserve their previous beliefs on which to theme their finis. ii. Desensitisatin to ? manage offs?- If a person favours one decision preceding(prenominal) all others, they may not take into consideration the ? exchange offs? that would occur through making that decision. iii. Post-decision rationalisation- After a decision, in that respect is the tendency to j ustify the decision made to others to harbour oneself. Janis and Mann?s theory on decision making (pp.109)1.Decision makers are homosexual beings- therefore they need positive reinforcement and election to see what they deprivation to see, which can make the weighing up of factors in a decision biased. (NB akin(predicate) to Jervis: Powerful role/ tactile sensation Preservation and Desensitisation to ?trade offs?)2.If the perceived risks of a decision are seen as serious, they?ll find other course of action- Could assume to Bolstering ? picking the safest option and then work to exaggerate the benefits. 3.

If no suitable alternative can be found = tens! eness which leads to-over evaluation-over sensitivity (Hypervigilance)-ignorance of new information (NB Similar to Jervis: Powerful Determination/ Belief Preservation)?Both note the privation of empirical info supporting the topic of rational election decision making, imputable to the overwhelming and uncontrollable amount of variables in any seek for empirical data. ProcessRational ChoiceFailure of Rational ChoiceCognitive and AffectiveDefining GoalsGoals are defined according to values and preferencesWhims and personality of the individual affecting which... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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